Blocked tear ducts and allergies are a common cause of epiphora or watery eyes in children. Tears fill the eyes and drain onto the face when the ducts are blocked. Although it looks like weeping, there won’t be an emotional trigger for these tears. Watery eyes can be self-resolving in many children without any interventions or remedies. While a few may need medications or surgeries to relieve the blockage or allergies. Awareness of the signs and symptoms of blocked tear ducts and other eye problems in children can help parents know when to seek medical care. However, if you are unsure of the underlying cause or the child has other symptoms, it is advised to visit the pediatrician. Read on to know the causes, symptoms, and management of watery eyes in children.
Possible Causes And Their Treatments For Watery Eyes In Children
Most causes of watery eyes in children can be treated or managed. Read on to know more about the reasons.
1. Blocked tear ducts
This common condition in infants is also known as congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) or dacryostenosis. In children with this condition, the opening of the tear duct is not appropriately formed, which might result in watery eyes. This can occur in one eye or both eyes, may go away on its own, or be intermittent. Associated Symptoms Along with watery eyes, other symptoms of blocked tear ducts might include:
Tear pool at the corner of the eyes. Mucus or yellow discharge due to infection because of the stagnant and moist environment in the tear duct; this could also cause sticky eyes in the morning. Redness of eyes due to rubbing (1).
Treatment
The eye doctor would do a physical examination to find out your child’s condition.
Based on the examination, they might suggest waiting for it to resolve on its own or clearing the duct opening manually using a probe.
There is conflicting evidence as to when the optimal time is to do the procedure. It is a technically difficult procedure and as with any procedure does not have a 100% outcome.
Most of these cases resolve spontaneously within the first 6 to 12 months.
There is some evidence that a lateral nasal massage can speed up the process. Place your thumb or forefinger on the region where the inside of the eye and nasal bone meet. Stroke downward firmly. This might help the pus or fluid that is trapped in the tear sac, to move downward due to the pressure put by the finger. You may try about five strokes, three to four times a day for several weeks. (2).
2. Allergies
Watery eyes could also be a symptom of allergies (allergic conjunctivitis). The cause of such allergic reactions could be an external factor, such as insect bite or sting, dust, mites, mold spores, pollen, ragweed, grass, foods such as dairy, eggs, soy, nuts, hay fever, and sometimes certain medications. Associated symptoms
Runny nose Nasal congestion Sneezing Itchy red and swollen eyes Headache Itchy nose, mouth, and throat
Treatment: Identifying and avoiding the allergy-causing agent can help in preventing allergic reactions. You may also:
Keep your home dust-free Discourage your children from going out and playing when there is pollen in the air Clean and replace the filters in your house regularly Use wraparound sunglasses when there is dust in the air Avoid second hand smoke
If it is not always possible to avoid an allergen, then take your child to the doctor, and they might prescribe antihistamine eye drops and other medications to relieve the symptoms (3).
3. Dry eye syndrome
Sometimes, watery eyes can be due to dry eye syndrome. It may seem unlikely, but dry eye syndrome can stimulate the tear glands to overproduce tears as a protective response (3). Associated symptoms
A sensation that a foreign body is in the eye Burning sensation Rubbing of eyes and redness (4)
Treatment: Once your child’s doctor confirms the diagnosis of dry eye syndrome, they may prescribe eye drops, gels, and artificial tears.
4. Conjunctivitis (pink eye)
Watering of eyes in children could also be due to an infection called conjunctivitis. Also known as pink eye, this is a common eye infection in children likely to be caused due to allergies, or bacterial or viral infections (5). Associated symptoms The symptoms could vary based on what is causing the eye infection, and may include:
Watery discharge, if the infection is due to viruses Pus-filled eye discharge in the case of bacterial infection Sometimes, fever and sore throat may also be experienced Eyelid swelling or corneal ulcers
Treatment: The treatment options vary according to the causative microorganism; your child’s doctor might prescribe broad-spectrum antibiotics and eye ointments in the case of bacterial infections. There is no specific treatment for viral infections, and it might get better on its own in a week or two. However, antibiotics and eye ointments could be given to prevent secondary infections (6).
5. Common cold
Red eyes, with watery discharge, is a common symptom of a cold. If there is pus in the discharge, then it could indicate a bacterial infection. Associated symptoms
Runny nose Nasal congestion Sneezing Coughing Sore throat
Treatment: Common cold usually gets better on its own in a week. However, you could try certain home care tips such as using humidifiers, clearing the nasal congestion with a suction bulb, or using some over-the-counter cold medications (consult your doctor if your child is below three years) (7).
6. Eye injuries
Children are susceptible to eye injuries while playing. The injury would be on the white part of the eye. If they are using contact lenses, they might have watery eyes. Associated symptoms
Eye pain Feeling the presence of a foreign body in the eye Teary eyes
Treatment: If the pain is mild and the scratch is superficial, then it would resolve on its own. Rinsing your eye with clear water, avoiding rubbing or touching the eye can help speed up the recovery. However, if the pain is unbearable and if you have noticed damage to the pupil, then take your child to the doctor (8).
7. Blepharitis
This condition causes inflammation of the eyelids. Although this is not a serious condition, it might cause complications, such as permanent alteration of eyelid structure, if left untreated. Associated symptoms
External discomfort in the eye Watery eyes Redness of the eyes A sensation of a foreign body in the eye Crusting of eyelids
Treatment: Primary care involves massaging and rinsing the eyelids to remove the dead skin debris and crusting. Your child’s doctor might also prescribe antibiotics (9).
8. Other causes
Watery eyes could also be due to bright light, irritation due to foreign objects in the eyes, eye strain due to prolonged exposure to smartphones, excessive laughing, and yawning. Treatment: These are normal conditions and usually do not need medical intervention. Rinsing the eyes with water to remove the foreign object and restricting your child’s screen time might help.
When To See A Doctor?
Take your child to a doctor if you notice any of the following signs, along with watery eyes.
Eyes exposed to or come in contact with chemicals Inflammation and redness with severe pain Suspect a major eye injury High amounts of eye discharge Child is often rubbing the eyes Prolonged watering of eyes Change in the color of the eye – especially if only one eye is involved and is red and painful – then see a doctor as soon as possible
Home Remedies For Watery Eyes In Children
Watery eyes might be a symptom of an underlying cause, so it is always advised to look for other signs and identify the underlying cause. Your child’s doctor would determine the best course of treatment after examining your child’s eye and the additional symptoms. In addition to the treatment, you may also consider trying some of these home remedies to provide relief to watery eyes. However, try these home remedies only if there is mild pain but no irritation.
Put one drop of the prescribed eye drops in the eye. Place your index finger near the side of the nose under the eye to be massaged. Move your finger in short downward strokes while pressing firmly. Repeat this thrice daily (13).
According to a Cochrane review, a warm compress is also said to ensure eyelid hygiene (15). Hot compresses are also considered as traditional treatments for dry eye (16).
Can You Prevent Watery Eyes In Children?
Prevention is possible based on the underlying cause of watery eyes in children. You may try the following measures to prevent watery eyes due to infection, allergies, common cold, or eye injuries.
Make sure your child does not share towels and bedsheets with people who have conjunctivitis.
Identify the allergens and try to keep your children away from them.
Explain the importance of safety and hygiene during playtime and around pets – never touch the eyes immediately after touching something dirty or a pet.
Include a balanced diet for your children to strengthen their immunity and make them less prone to the common cold.
If your children are using contact lenses, then make sure they use them properly to avoid infections or injuries to the eye.
Deposition of yellow or green colored discharge in the corner of the eyes Puffy eyelids White part of the eyes appears pink Eyelashes might stick when asleep Dried pus on the eyelashes
